Longevity
Thymulin
Immunity
1
Amino acids
Molecular weight
Peptide
Type
Thymulin is a nonapeptide hormone exclusively secreted by thymic epithelial cells, discovered by Jean-François Bach in the 1970s. Unlike thymalin (a peptide extract mixture), thymulin is a single, defined 9-amino-acid peptide that requires zinc binding for biological activity. It plays a crucial role in T-cell differentiation and maturation within the thymus. Serum thymulin levels decline significantly with age and zinc deficiency, contributing to age-related immune decline (immunosenescence). Research has explored thymulin's potential in restoring immune function, managing autoimmune conditions, and as an anti-inflammatory agent.
Top researched benefits
Overview of Thymulin
Thymulin exerts its effects through binding to high-affinity receptors on T-lymphocytes and other immune cells. The zinc-thymulin complex is the biologically active form - without zinc, the peptide has no immunological activity. Thymulin promotes: (1) differentiation of immature T-cells into mature T-cell subsets, (2) modulation of cytokine release including IL-2 and interferon-gamma, (3) regulation of T-helper and T-suppressor cell balance, (4) enhancement of NK cell activity, and (5) anti-inflammatory effects through suppression of pro-inflammatory mediators. It also has neuroendocrine effects, influencing the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis.
immune system research
- Age-related decline in thymulin correlates with reduced immune function; supplementation may restore T-cell parameters.
- Promotes differentiation and maturation of T-lymphocytes in thymus.
- Thymulin activity depends on zinc; studied in zinc-depleted conditions.
inflammatory and autoimmune research
- Research shows thymulin suppresses pro-inflammatory cytokines and mediators.
- Investigated for potential to restore immune balance in autoimmune states.
- Studied for effects on pancreatic beta cells and immune modulation in diabetes models.
neuroendocrine research
- Thymulin influences hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis function.
- Some research suggests protective effects on neural tissue.
Typical Dose
1-10mcg per injection (research protocols)
Frequency
Daily during research protocols
Cycle Duration
Varies by research protocol
Storage
Reconstituted: 2-8°C, use within 4 weeks
Chemical Makeup
Key benefits
Essential for T-cell maturation and differentiation
Modulates immune responses (immunomodulatory)
Anti-inflammatory properties
Declines with age - restoration may combat immunosenescence
Well-defined single peptide (unlike extracts)
Studied in autoimmune disease research
Neuroendocrine regulatory effects
Zinc-dependent activity allows for regulation
Community interest
This peptide is still gaining traction in the community.
FTS | Zinc-Dependent Thymic Nonapeptide
This overview is informational and based on aggregated descriptions from studies and user reports.
Was it helpful?YesNoThymulin Molecular Information
View the scientifc details of Thymulin.
1
Amino Acids
Thymulin
Ala
Ala
Position 1
Molecular Weight
177.24DaChain Length
1Amino AcidsType
PeptideThymulin Protocols
Thymulin is typically administered via subcutaneous or intraperitoneal injection in research settings. As a small peptide, it can also be explored via intranasal delivery for CNS effects. Zinc status should be adequate for biological activity.
| Goal | Dosage | Frequency | Route |
|---|---|---|---|
| Research protocol (immune) | 1 | 1 week range | SubQ |
| Intranasal (experimental) | — | — | Intranasal |
Reconstitution Instructions
Materials needed:
Steps to reconstitute
- Ensure adequate zinc supplementation for activity
- Reconstitute with bacteriostatic water
- Inject water slowly down vial wall
- Gently swirl until dissolved
- Store refrigerated at 2-8°C
- Use within 4 weeks of reconstitution
Thymulin Cycle
The Thymulin Cycle section explains how long a typical cycle lasts and what to expect during each phase. Over time, your body can become less responsive with continuous use.
Taking breaks between cycles may help maintain effectiveness and support better overall results.
- Week 0-0
- Receptor binding and initial cellular signaling
- Day 1-7
- Immune cell modulation begins; cytokine profile changes
- Week 2-4
- T-cell differentiation effects; measurable immune parameters
- Week 0-0
- Long-term immune restoration in research models
Dosing tools
Thymulin Peptide Dosage Calculator
Calculate peptide doses with our visual syringe guide.
mg
Enter the total amount of peptide in the vial in milligrams (as stated on the label).
The dose you want to inject per administration, in mcg or mg.
1,000 mcg = 1 mg
1 mL
2 mL
3 mL
5 mL
Custom
Volume of bacteriostatic water you add to reconstitute the powder. Use BAC water for preservation.
Injection Results
Based on your vial and dilution inputs.
Thymulin
SINGLE COMPOUNDVolume per injection
0.05
mL
Concentration
10.00
mg/mL
Doses per vial
20
doses
Total injections per vial
20 injections
How it works
Based on a 10 mg Thymulin vial diluted with 1 mL of bacteriostatic water, each 500 mcg injection equals 0.05 mL.
1mL / 100 units
5 units
0.050 mL
Reference Guide
Dosing Cycle
- Peptide
- Thymulin
- Dosing
- 1-10mcg per injection (research protocols)
- Dosing Frequency
- Daily during research protocols
- Cycle Duration
- Varies by research protocol
- Storage
- Reconstituted: 2-8°C, use within 4 weeks
Note: Triple agonist; microdose for fewer side effects
Reconstitution Tips
- Use bacteriostatic water (BAC) — contains 0.9% benzyl alcohol for preservation
- Inject water slowly — aim down the vial wall, not directly onto powder
- Never shake — gently swirl or roll the vial until dissolved
- Store properly — refrigerate at 2-8°C after reconstitution
- Use within 28 days — most reconstituted peptides remain stable for about 4 weeks
- Keep sterile — always clean vial tops with alcohol before drawing
Peptide Interactions
Research suggestions of Thymulin interactions with other common peptides and substances.
Longevity
epi
Immunity
Epitalon
COMPATIBLE
Different mechanisms; no known negative interactions.
Longevity
thy
Immunity
Thymalin
COMPATIBLE
Thymalin is a peptide mixture while thymulin is a single defined peptide; can complement each other.
Side effects
Contraindications
Autoimmune diseases (use with medical supervision)
Organ transplant recipients on immunosuppression
Pregnancy or breastfeeding
Known hypersensitivity to thymic peptides
Stop signs
Signs of allergic reaction
Unexpected immune changes
Bad signs
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Frequently asked questions
What is a peptide dosage calculator?
A peptide dosage calculator is a free tool that converts your vial size, bacteriostatic water volume, and target dose into an exact syringe draw volume. Instead of doing the reconstitution math by hand, you enter three inputs and instantly get the concentration of your solution and how many milliliters or syringeunits to draw. This calculator works for single peptide compounds and multi-peptide blends.
How do I calculate peptide dosage from a vial?
To calculate your peptide dose, divide the total peptide content of your vial in micrograms by the volume of bacteriostatic water you added in milliliters. This gives you your solution concentration in mcg/mL. Then divide your target dose by that concentration to get your draw volume. For example, a 5mg (5,000 mcg) vial reconstituted with 2mL of BAC water gives a concentration of 2,500 mcg/mL. A 250 mcg dose would require drawing 0.1mL. This calculator automates all of those steps instantly.
How much Bacteriostatic water should I add to a peptide vial?
Most people add 2mL to 3mL of bacteriostatic water per vial, but the right amount depends on the dose you want to draw and the syringe size you are using. Adding 1mL to a 5mg vial gives you a concentration of 5,000 mcg/mL, making each dose very small in volume. Adding 2mL gives you 2,500 mcg/mL, which is easier to measure on a standard insulin syringe. A general guideline is to choose a volume that puts your typical dose somewhere between 10 and 30 units on a U-100 syringe. Use the calculator above to test different water volumes and find what works for your dose.
How are peptides different from proteins?
Both are made of amino acids, but peptides are much smaller than proteins. Because of their tiny size, peptides can act like tiny messengers in the body, sending specific signals to your cells to tell them exactly what to do.
ThymulinResearch References
Thymulin is a well studied compound
Thymulin
Thymulin is a well studied compound
Thymulin (FTS) - A Thymic Hormone
Comprehensive review of thymulin discovery, structure, and immunological functions.
n.d.
The neuroendocrine role of thymulin
Thymulin modulates hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis and has neuroendocrine effects beyond immunity.
n.d.
Zinc and thymulin
Zinc is essential for thymulin biological activity; zinc deficiency causes functional thymulin deficiency.
n.d.
Thymulin and aging
Serum thymulin levels decline dramatically with age, correlating with immunosenescence and increased infection susceptibility.
n.d.