Healing
LL-37
Immunity
27
Amino acids
Molecular weight
Peptide
Type
LL-37 is the only human cathelicidin antimicrobial peptide, a 37-amino acid cationic peptide derived from hCAP18 that exhibits broad-spectrum antimicrobial activity against bacteria, viruses, and fungi while modulating immune responses.
Top researched benefits
Overview of LL-37
Provides direct antimicrobial activity through membrane disruption, promotes wound healing by enhancing keratinocyte migration and angiogenesis, and modulates immune responses without systemic exposure when used topically.
Wound Healing
- 68% ulcer area reduction demonstrated with 0.5mg/mL concentration in clinical trials.
- Enhanced granulation tissue formation and wound closure.
- Accelerated healing demonstrated in animal models.
Immunity
- Boosts natural immune defenses against pathogens.
- Active against MRSA and multi-drug resistant bacteria with >4 log reduction in biofilms.
- Balances immune responses without causing immunosuppression.
Skin Health
- Stimulates skin cell growth and regeneration.
- Promotes new blood vessel formation for tissue repair.
- Supports collagen production for wound healing.
Storage
Lyophilized: 2-8°C. Reconstituted: 2-8°C, maintain sterility
Frequency
Topical: Daily to twice weekly on wounds. Injectable: Once daily subcutaneous
Typical Dose
0.5-1.6 mg/mL topical gel or 100-150 mcg injectable
Cycle Duration
2-8 weeks depending on wound healing progress
Chemical Makeup
Key benefits
Direct wound healing acceleration
Broad-spectrum antimicrobial activity
Activity against resistant bacteria (MRSA, MDRPA)
Enhanced tissue regeneration
Immune modulation
Local antimicrobial protection
Community interest
This peptide is still gaining traction in the community.
Human Cathelicidin | Antimicrobial Peptide
This overview is informational and based on aggregated descriptions from studies and user reports.
Was it helpful?YesLL-37 Molecular Information
View the scientifc details of LL-37.
27
Amino Acids
LL-37
Ala
Ala
Position 1
Pro
Pro
Position 2
Val
Val
Position 3
Ser
Ser
Position 4
Val
Val
Position 5
Gly
Gly
Position 6
Gly
Gly
Position 7
Gly
Gly
Position 8
Thr
Thr
Position 9
Val
Val
Position 10
Leu
Leu
Position 11
Ala
Ala
Position 12
Lys
Lys
Position 13
Met
Met
Position 14
Tyr
Tyr
Position 15
Pro
Pro
Position 16
Arg
Arg
Position 17
Gly
Gly
Position 18
Asn
Asn
Position 19
His
His
Position 20
Trp
Trp
Position 21
Ala
Ala
Position 22
Val
Val
Position 23
Gly
Gly
Position 24
His
His
Position 25
Leu
Leu
Position 26
Met
Met
Position 27
Molecular Weight
2805.3DaChain Length
27Amino AcidsType
PeptideLL-37 Protocols
Topical application is the most established route, providing direct access to wound sites with minimal systemic exposure.
| Goal | Dosage | Frequency | Route |
|---|---|---|---|
| Wound healing - Standard | 0.5 | 1 week range | Direct wound application |
| Wound healing - Intensive | 1.6 | 1 week range | Direct wound application |
Reconstitution Instructions
Steps to reconstitute
- Clean and debride wound area
- Apply thin layer directly to wound surface
- Cover with sterile dressing if needed
- Change per clinical protocol (daily to twice weekly)
- Monitor healing progress and adjust frequency
- Document wound measurements and progression
LL-37 Cycle
The LL-37 Cycle section explains how long a typical cycle lasts and what to expect during each phase. Over time, your body can become less responsive with continuous use.
Taking breaks between cycles may help maintain effectiveness and support better overall results.
- Week 1-2
- Reduced bacterial load, initial wound bed preparation
- Week 2-4
- Increased granulation tissue formation, epithelial migration
- Week 4-6
- Significant wound size reduction
- Week 6-8
- Continued healing toward wound closure
Dosing tools
LL-37 Peptide Dosage Calculator
Calculate peptide doses with our visual syringe guide.
0.3mL / 30 units
5 units
0.050 mL
1 mL
2 mL
3 mL
5 mL
Custom
Conversion: 1,000 mcg = 1 mg
Injection Results
Based on your vial and dilution inputs.
Safe concentration range
LL-37
SINGLE COMPOUNDVolume per injection
0.05
mL
Concentration
10.00
mg/mL
Doses per vial
20
doses
Total injections per vial
20 injections
How it works
Based on a 10 mg LL-37 vial diluted with 1 mL of bacteriostatic water, each 500 mcg injection equals 0.05 mL.
Research Purposes Only
These calculators are provided for educational and research purposes only. Always verify calculations and consult with qualified professionals. The information provided is not medical advice. Peptides should only be used in accordance with applicable laws and regulations.
Reference Guide
Dosing Cycle
- Peptide
- LL-37
- Dosing
- 0.5-1.6 mg/mL topical gel or 100-150 mcg injectable
- Dosing Frequency
- Topical: Daily to twice weekly on wounds. Injectable: Once daily subcutaneous
- Cycle Duration
- 2-8 weeks depending on wound healing progress
- Storage
- Lyophilized: 2-8°C. Reconstituted: 2-8°C, maintain sterility
Note: Triple agonist; microdose for fewer side effects
Reconstitution Tips
- Use bacteriostatic water (BAC) — contains 0.9% benzyl alcohol for preservation
- Inject water slowly — aim down the vial wall, not directly onto powder
- Never shake — gently swirl or roll the vial until dissolved
- Store properly — refrigerate at 2-8°C after reconstitution
- Use within 28 days — most reconstituted peptides remain stable for about 4 weeks
- Keep sterile — always clean vial tops with alcohol before drawing
Peptide Interactions
Research suggestions of LL-37 interactions with other common peptides and substances.
Healing
bpc
Longevity
BPC-157
SYNERGISTIC
Enhanced wound healing through complementary mechanisms.
Side effects
Contraindications
Pre-existing hypersensitivity to peptides
Compromised immune status (relative contraindication)
Non-sterile wound environments
Stop signs
Severe injection site reactions with spreading inflammation
Allergic reaction signs (rash, difficulty breathing, swelling)
Persistent flu-like symptoms
Signs of wound infection (increased redness, warmth, drainage)
Worsening wound condition or delayed healing
Unusual pain or irritation at application site
Bad signs
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Frequently asked questions
What benefits can peptides offer in research?
Peptides can support cellular repair, immune function, metabolic health, and tissue regeneration. Research suggests they may help with recovery, sleep quality, skin health, and cognitive function, depending on the specific peptide and its mechanism of action.
What are some exciting applications of peptides in modern science?
Current research explores peptides for longevity, muscle recovery, wound healing, metabolic disorders, and neuroprotection. Scientists are also investigating peptide-based drug delivery and targeted therapies that could offer more precise treatment options.
How do peptides influence health and wellness?
Peptides work by binding to receptors on cells and triggering specific biological responses. Depending on the peptide, they may promote growth hormone release, support collagen production, modulate inflammation, or influence neurotransmitter activity—each with different implications for health and wellness.
Where can I find the latest studies on peptide applications?
Peer-reviewed journals such as Nature, Science, and specialized publications like Peptides and the Journal of Peptide Science publish ongoing research. PubMed and Google Scholar are useful for searching studies by peptide name or condition.
Are there any guidelines for using peptides in research?
Research use of peptides typically follows institutional review board (IRB) protocols and regulatory guidelines. Dosage, administration route, and safety monitoring should align with published literature and applicable regulations in your jurisdiction.
What is the difference between peptides and proteins?
Peptides are short chains of amino acids (typically under 50), while proteins are longer chains that fold into complex structures. Peptides are often more stable, easier to synthesize, and can cross cell membranes more readily, making them attractive for therapeutic applications.
How should peptides be stored?
Most peptides require refrigeration (2–8°C) and protection from light. Reconstituted peptides often have shorter stability and may need to be used within days or weeks. Always follow the manufacturer's or research protocol's storage instructions.
Can peptides be taken orally?
Some peptides are bioavailable orally, but many are broken down by digestive enzymes before reaching the bloodstream. Subcutaneous injection, nasal administration, or other routes are often used in research to improve bioavailability. The optimal route depends on the specific peptide.
LL-37Research References
LL-37 is a well studied compound
LL-37
LL-37 is a well studied compound
Venous Leg Ulcer Trial - Grönberg et al.
68% ulcer area reduction demonstrated at optimal doses in chronic venous leg ulcers.
n.d.
Melanoma Phase I Trial
Intratumoral LL-37 in melanoma patients demonstrated safety and immune stimulation (NCT02225366).
2015
MRSA Biofilm Study - Noore et al.
>4 log reduction in MRSA biofilms compared to conventional antibiotics.
n.d.
Structural Analysis - Wang et al.
NMR spectroscopy determining 3D structure of LL-37.
n.d.