Healing
Thymosin Beta-4
Longevity
37
Amino acids
Molecular weight
Peptide
Type
Thymosin Beta-4 (TB4) is a naturally occurring 43-amino-acid mature peptide (the processed form of a 44-aa precursor, residues 2–44 with N-terminal acetylation) found in virtually all human tissues that serves as the primary intracellular G-actin sequestering protein. It promotes wound healing, angiogenesis, and stem cell mobilization, and has advanced to Phase 3 clinical trials for neurotrophic keratitis, with earlier-phase trials completed for dermal wounds and cardiac regeneration. In research and biohacking contexts it is widely used for accelerating recovery from injury and reducing inflammation.
Top researched benefits
Overview of Thymosin Beta-4
Thymosin Beta-4 sequesters monomeric G-actin intracellularly to regulate cytoskeletal dynamics, and extracellularly acts as a pleiotropic signaling peptide that activates the SRF-MRTF-G-actin transcriptional pathway to drive cell migration, proliferation, and survival. It promotes mobilization and differentiation of stem and progenitor cells, stimulates angiogenesis, inhibits apoptosis and inflammatory signaling, and reduces myofibroblast activity to limit fibrosis and scar formation.
tissue repair
- Clinical trials show 67% complete healing versus 25% placebo in pressure ulcers.
- Enhanced tissue regeneration and reduced healing time in surgical wounds.
- Accelerated recovery in muscle, tendon, and ligament injuries.
cardiovascular
- Phase 2b trials show 43% reduction in infarct size when given within 6 hours.
neuroprotection
- Improved neurological outcomes and functional recovery in animal models.
Typical Dose
2.5mg per injection
Frequency
twice weekly (loading phase), once weekly (maintenance)
Cycle Duration
10–12 weeks total with 4-week washout
Storage
Lyophilized: store at −20°C, desiccated; stable at room temp up to 3 weeks. Reconstituted: 2–8°C for up to 28 days (with bacteriostatic water); avoid freeze-thaw cycles.
Chemical Makeup
Key benefits
Accelerates dermal wound closure by promoting keratinocyte and endothelial cell migration via actin cytoskeleton remodeling
Stimulates angiogenesis at injury sites through mobilization of endothelial progenitor cells, improving oxygen and nutrient delivery to healing tissue
Reduces scar formation and fibrosis by decreasing myofibroblast density in wounds and inhibiting pro-fibrotic signaling
Protects cardiac tissue following myocardial infarction by limiting infarct size, reducing inflammatory remodeling, and activating epicardial progenitor cells
Community interest
This peptide is still gaining traction in the community.
Actin-Sequestering Peptide | Tissue Repair & Regeneration
This overview is informational and based on aggregated descriptions from studies and user reports.
Was it helpful?YesNoThymosin Beta-4 Molecular Information
View the scientifc details of Thymosin Beta-4.
37
Amino Acids
Thymosin Beta-4
Lys
Lys
Position 1
Trp
Trp
Position 2
Lys
Lys
Position 3
Leu
Leu
Position 4
Phe
Phe
Position 5
Lys
Lys
Position 6
Lys
Lys
Position 7
Ile
Ile
Position 8
Glu
Glu
Position 9
Lys
Lys
Position 10
Val
Val
Position 11
Gly
Gly
Position 12
Gln
Gln
Position 13
Asn
Asn
Position 14
Ile
Ile
Position 15
Arg
Arg
Position 16
Asp
Asp
Position 17
Gly
Gly
Position 18
Ile
Ile
Position 19
Ile
Ile
Position 20
Lys
Lys
Position 21
Ala
Ala
Position 22
Gly
Gly
Position 23
Pro
Pro
Position 24
Ala
Ala
Position 25
Val
Val
Position 26
Ala
Ala
Position 27
Val
Val
Position 28
Val
Val
Position 29
Gly
Gly
Position 30
Gln
Gln
Position 31
Ala
Ala
Position 32
Thr
Thr
Position 33
Gln
Gln
Position 34
Ile
Ile
Position 35
Ala
Ala
Position 36
Lys
Lys
Position 37
Molecular Weight
4963.44DaChain Length
37Amino AcidsType
PeptideThymosin Beta-4 Protocols
Subcutaneous injection is the primary and only documented route for Thymosin Beta-4 (TB-500) in human research contexts. A two-phase loading and maintenance approach is used, with injection sites rotated across the abdomen, outer thigh, or flank; intramuscular injection near the target tissue is used for site-specific musculoskeletal protocols.
| Goal | Dosage | Frequency | Route |
|---|---|---|---|
| Tendon/Joint Injury Healing — Loading | 2.5 | 2 week range | SubQ near injury or abdomen |
| Tendon/Joint Injury Healing — Maintenance | 2 | 1 week range | SubQ near injury or abdomen |
| Acute Severe Injury — Loading | 3 | 2 week range | SubQ or IM near injury |
| Muscle Recovery and General Repair | 2 | 2 week range | SubQ abdomen or outer thigh |
| Cardiovascular and Neurological Support | 2.5 | 2 week range | SubQ abdomen |
| Long-Term Maintenance / Chronic Use | 2 | 2 month range | SubQ abdomen |
Reconstitution Instructions
Materials needed:
Steps to reconstitute
- Remove the TB-500 vial from the freezer and allow it to reach room temperature for 5–10 minutes before handling
- Wipe the rubber stopper of the peptide vial and the BAC water vial with a 70% isopropyl alcohol swab and allow to air dry
- Draw the desired volume of bacteriostatic water into an insulin syringe — common reconstitution is 2 mL BAC water into a 5 mg vial to yield 2,500 mcg/mL
- Insert the needle through the rubber stopper at a 45-degree angle and inject the BAC water slowly down the interior glass wall of the vial — never shoot it directly onto the powder
- Gently rotate the vial between your palms until the powder is fully dissolved — do not shake or vortex
- Store the reconstituted vial refrigerated at 2–8°C; do not refreeze — use within 28–30 days
- For each injection, draw the calculated volume into a fresh insulin syringe (e.g., 0.8 mL = 2 mg when reconstituted at 2,500 mcg/mL)
- Wipe the injection site (abdomen, outer thigh, or flank) with an alcohol swab and allow to dry
- Pinch the skin and insert the needle at a 45-degree angle into the subcutaneous fat layer; for IM administration, use a 25-gauge 1-inch needle into the vastus lateralis or ventrogluteal muscle
- Inject slowly and hold for 5–10 seconds before withdrawing the needle to prevent leakage
- Dispose of the used syringe in a sharps container; rotate injection sites with each dose to avoid local irritation
Thymosin Beta-4 Cycle
The Thymosin Beta-4 Cycle section explains how long a typical cycle lasts and what to expect during each phase. Over time, your body can become less responsive with continuous use.
Taking breaks between cycles may help maintain effectiveness and support better overall results.
- Week 1-2
- Initial tissue response, possible mild injection site reactions
- Week 2-4
- Accelerated healing becomes apparent, reduced inflammation
- Week 4-8
- Significant tissue regeneration and functional improvement
- Week 8-12
- Sustained benefits and near-complete healing in responsive conditions
Dosing tools
Thymosin Beta-4 Peptide Dosage Calculator
Calculate peptide doses with our visual syringe guide.
mg
Enter the total amount of peptide in the vial in milligrams (as stated on the label).
The dose you want to inject per administration, in mcg or mg.
1,000 mcg = 1 mg
1 mL
2 mL
3 mL
5 mL
Custom
Volume of bacteriostatic water you add to reconstitute the powder. Use BAC water for preservation.
Injection Results
Based on your vial and dilution inputs.
Thymosin Beta-4
SINGLE COMPOUNDVolume per injection
0.05
mL
Concentration
10.00
mg/mL
Doses per vial
20
doses
Total injections per vial
20 injections
How it works
Based on a 10 mg Thymosin Beta-4 vial diluted with 1 mL of bacteriostatic water, each 500 mcg injection equals 0.05 mL.
1mL / 100 units
5 units
0.050 mL
Reference Guide
Dosing Cycle
- Peptide
- Thymosin Beta-4
- Dosing
- 2.5mg per injection
- Dosing Frequency
- twice weekly (loading phase), once weekly (maintenance)
- Cycle Duration
- 10–12 weeks total with 4-week washout
- Storage
- Lyophilized: store at −20°C, desiccated; stable at room temp up to 3 weeks. Reconstituted: 2–8°C for up to 28 days (with bacteriostatic water); avoid freeze-thaw cycles.
Note: Triple agonist; microdose for fewer side effects
Reconstitution Tips
- Use bacteriostatic water (BAC) — contains 0.9% benzyl alcohol for preservation
- Inject water slowly — aim down the vial wall, not directly onto powder
- Never shake — gently swirl or roll the vial until dissolved
- Store properly — refrigerate at 2-8°C after reconstitution
- Use within 28 days — most reconstituted peptides remain stable for about 4 weeks
- Keep sterile — always clean vial tops with alcohol before drawing
Peptide Interactions
Research suggestions of Thymosin Beta-4 interactions with other common peptides and substances.
Healing
bpc
Longevity
BPC-157
SYNERGISTIC
Complementary healing mechanisms—Tβ4 promotes cell migration and angiogenesis while BPC-157 enhances gastric protection.
Healing
tb5
Longevity
TB-500
SYNERGISTIC
TB-500 is the bioactive fragment of Thymosin β4. Combined use provides full-length peptide benefits plus concentrated bioactive effects.
Side effects
Contraindications
Active chemotherapy treatment
Severe systemic allergies to peptides
Stop signs
Severe injection site reactions or persistent inflammation
Signs of systemic allergic reaction (rash, breathing difficulty)
Unexpected cardiovascular symptoms during treatment
Any signs of infection at injection sites
Bad signs
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Frequently asked questions
What is a peptide dosage calculator?
A peptide dosage calculator is a free tool that converts your vial size, bacteriostatic water volume, and target dose into an exact syringe draw volume. Instead of doing the reconstitution math by hand, you enter three inputs and instantly get the concentration of your solution and how many milliliters or syringeunits to draw. This calculator works for single peptide compounds and multi-peptide blends.
How do I calculate peptide dosage from a vial?
To calculate your peptide dose, divide the total peptide content of your vial in micrograms by the volume of bacteriostatic water you added in milliliters. This gives you your solution concentration in mcg/mL. Then divide your target dose by that concentration to get your draw volume. For example, a 5mg (5,000 mcg) vial reconstituted with 2mL of BAC water gives a concentration of 2,500 mcg/mL. A 250 mcg dose would require drawing 0.1mL. This calculator automates all of those steps instantly.
How much Bacteriostatic water should I add to a peptide vial?
Most people add 2mL to 3mL of bacteriostatic water per vial, but the right amount depends on the dose you want to draw and the syringe size you are using. Adding 1mL to a 5mg vial gives you a concentration of 5,000 mcg/mL, making each dose very small in volume. Adding 2mL gives you 2,500 mcg/mL, which is easier to measure on a standard insulin syringe. A general guideline is to choose a volume that puts your typical dose somewhere between 10 and 30 units on a U-100 syringe. Use the calculator above to test different water volumes and find what works for your dose.
How are peptides different from proteins?
Both are made of amino acids, but peptides are much smaller than proteins. Because of their tiny size, peptides can act like tiny messengers in the body, sending specific signals to your cells to tell them exactly what to do.
Thymosin Beta-4Research References
Thymosin Beta-4 is a phase 3 compound
Thymosin Beta-4
Thymosin Beta-4 is a phase 3 compound
Phase II Dry Eye Clinical Trial
72 subjects showing significant positive effects on ocular discomfort and corneal staining with excellent safety profile.
2015
Phase I Human Safety Study: Intravenous Thymosin β4
First-in-human study establishing safety and pharmacokinetics in healthy volunteers with no dose-limiting toxicity.
2010
Cardiac Protection Pilot Study: Thymosin β4 in STEMI Patients
First human study in heart attack patients demonstrating potential clinical benefits in repairing damaged tissue.
2016
Neurotrophic Keratopathy Compassionate Use Trial
Complete clearing of persistent corneal defects in most subjects using topical formulation.
2010
Calculate peptide dosages
Learning how to calculate a peptide dose? Use our beginner-friendly peptide dosage, blend, and accumulation calculators. Enter vial size, reconstitution volume, and target dose to get exact draw volumes instantly. No guesswork, just clear guidance that helps prevent common mistakes.
