Longevity
SS-31
Metabolic
0
Amino acids
Molecular weight
Peptide
Type
SS-31 (Elamipretide) is an aromatic-cationic tetrapeptide that selectively binds to cardiolipin in the inner mitochondrial membrane, preventing lipid peroxidation and optimizing electron transport chain function for enhanced cellular energy production.
Top researched benefits
Overview of SS-31
Selectively binds to cardiolipin in inner mitochondrial membrane, preventing lipid peroxidation and optimizing electron transport chain function. This improves ATP production and reduces oxidative damage at the mitochondrial level.
mitochondrial
- Optimizes electron transport chain function for improved cellular energy.
- Prevents cardiolipin peroxidation and reduces mitochondrial oxidative damage.
- Significant improvements in 6-minute walk test and fatigue scores in PMM patients.
cardiovascular
- Reduces cardiac injury markers and improves mitochondrial function in surgical patients.
- Reduces ischemia-reperfusion injury and supports cardiac function.
- Enhanced exercise capacity and reduced fatigue.
antiaging
- Reversed age-related decline in muscle function in animal studies.
- Neuroprotective effects demonstrated in Alzheimer's models.
- Supports overall cellular health through mitochondrial optimization.
Typical Dose
5-10mg general support, 10-40mg clinical/performance protocols
Frequency
Once daily (morning or pre-workout for athletic use)
Cycle Duration
4-12 weeks for therapeutic protocols
Storage
Reconstituted: 2-8°C in amber/dark vials, use within 30 days. Light sensitive
No visual available
Due to this peptide having no amino acids, there is no molecular chain to display.
Chemical Makeup
Key benefits
Directly protects mitochondria
Improves cellular energy production (ATP)
Reduces oxidative damage
Enhances exercise capacity
Excellent safety profile in clinical trials
Cardioprotective effects
Community interest
This peptide is still gaining traction in the community.
Mitochondrial-Targeted Peptide | Cardiolipin Protector
This overview is informational and based on aggregated descriptions from studies and user reports.
Was it helpful?YesNoSS-31 Protocols
Subcutaneous or intravenous injection. SS-31 dissolves readily and should be protected from light due to photosensitivity.
| Goal | Dosage | Frequency | Route |
|---|---|---|---|
| General mitochondrial support | 5 | 1 week range | SubQ |
| Athletic performance | 10 | 1 week range | SubQ |
| Clinical protocols | 40 | 1 week range | SubQ or IV |
| Acute cardioprotection | 0.25 | — | IV |
Reconstitution Instructions
Materials needed:
Steps to reconstitute
- Clean vial with alcohol pad
- Add 1-2mL bacteriostatic water per 10mg peptide
- Gently swirl to dissolve (dissolves readily)
- Verify clear, colorless solution
- Optional: sterile filtration for IV use
- Label with concentration and date
- Store immediately at 2-8°C
- Protect from light - use amber vials if available
SS-31 Cycle
The SS-31 Cycle section explains how long a typical cycle lasts and what to expect during each phase. Over time, your body can become less responsive with continuous use.
Taking breaks between cycles may help maintain effectiveness and support better overall results.
- Day 1-3
- Subtle energy improvements, reduced fatigue
- Week 1-2
- Better exercise endurance, faster recovery
- Week 2-4
- Improved stamina, clearer thinking, better sleep
- Week 4-8
- Significant exercise capacity improvements
- Week 8-12
- Sustained energy, potential biomarker changes
Dosing tools
SS-31 Peptide Dosage Calculator
Calculate peptide doses with our visual syringe guide.
mg
Enter the total amount of peptide in the vial in milligrams (as stated on the label).
The dose you want to inject per administration, in mcg or mg.
1,000 mcg = 1 mg
1 mL
2 mL
3 mL
5 mL
Custom
Volume of bacteriostatic water you add to reconstitute the powder. Use BAC water for preservation.
Injection Results
Based on your vial and dilution inputs.
SS-31
SINGLE COMPOUNDVolume per injection
0.05
mL
Concentration
10.00
mg/mL
Doses per vial
20
doses
Total injections per vial
20 injections
How it works
Based on a 10 mg SS-31 vial diluted with 1 mL of bacteriostatic water, each 500 mcg injection equals 0.05 mL.
1mL / 100 units
5 units
0.050 mL
Reference Guide
Dosing Cycle
- Peptide
- SS-31
- Dosing
- 5-10mg general support, 10-40mg clinical/performance protocols
- Dosing Frequency
- Once daily (morning or pre-workout for athletic use)
- Cycle Duration
- 4-12 weeks for therapeutic protocols
- Storage
- Reconstituted: 2-8°C in amber/dark vials, use within 30 days. Light sensitive
Note: Triple agonist; microdose for fewer side effects
Reconstitution Tips
- Use bacteriostatic water (BAC) — contains 0.9% benzyl alcohol for preservation
- Inject water slowly — aim down the vial wall, not directly onto powder
- Never shake — gently swirl or roll the vial until dissolved
- Store properly — refrigerate at 2-8°C after reconstitution
- Use within 28 days — most reconstituted peptides remain stable for about 4 weeks
- Keep sterile — always clean vial tops with alcohol before drawing
Peptide Interactions
Research suggestions of SS-31 interactions with other common peptides and substances.
Healing
bpc
Longevity
BPC-157
COMPATIBLE
BPC-157 focuses on tissue repair while SS-31 targets cellular energetics.
Longevity
mot
Metabolic
MOTS-c
SYNERGISTIC
Both are mitochondrial peptides with complementary mechanisms.
Longevity
nad
Metabolic
NAD+
SYNERGISTIC
Both support mitochondrial function through different mechanisms.
Healing
thymos
Longevity
Thymosin Beta-4
COMPATIBLE
Both cardioprotective via different pathways.
Side effects
Contraindications
Known hypersensitivity to peptides
Pregnancy or breastfeeding (limited data)
Stop signs
Severe injection site reactions
Allergic reaction signs (rash, breathing difficulty)
Unusual fatigue or weakness (paradoxical reaction)
Cardiovascular symptoms
Severe headaches or vision changes
Bad signs
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Frequently asked questions
What is a peptide dosage calculator?
A peptide dosage calculator is a free tool that converts your vial size, bacteriostatic water volume, and target dose into an exact syringe draw volume. Instead of doing the reconstitution math by hand, you enter three inputs and instantly get the concentration of your solution and how many milliliters or syringeunits to draw. This calculator works for single peptide compounds and multi-peptide blends.
How do I calculate peptide dosage from a vial?
To calculate your peptide dose, divide the total peptide content of your vial in micrograms by the volume of bacteriostatic water you added in milliliters. This gives you your solution concentration in mcg/mL. Then divide your target dose by that concentration to get your draw volume. For example, a 5mg (5,000 mcg) vial reconstituted with 2mL of BAC water gives a concentration of 2,500 mcg/mL. A 250 mcg dose would require drawing 0.1mL. This calculator automates all of those steps instantly.
How much Bacteriostatic water should I add to a peptide vial?
Most people add 2mL to 3mL of bacteriostatic water per vial, but the right amount depends on the dose you want to draw and the syringe size you are using. Adding 1mL to a 5mg vial gives you a concentration of 5,000 mcg/mL, making each dose very small in volume. Adding 2mL gives you 2,500 mcg/mL, which is easier to measure on a standard insulin syringe. A general guideline is to choose a volume that puts your typical dose somewhere between 10 and 30 units on a U-100 syringe. Use the calculator above to test different water volumes and find what works for your dose.
How are peptides different from proteins?
Both are made of amino acids, but peptides are much smaller than proteins. Because of their tiny size, peptides can act like tiny messengers in the body, sending specific signals to your cells to tell them exactly what to do.
SS-31Research References
SS-31 is a well studied compound
SS-31
SS-31 is a well studied compound
Primary Mitochondrial Myopathy Phase 2 Trial
40mg daily for 12 weeks in 36 patients showed significant improvements in 6-minute walk test and fatigue scores with excellent safety profile.
2018
Cardioprotection in Heart Failure Study
0.25mg/kg/hr infusion during cardiac surgery reduced cardiac injury markers and improved mitochondrial function.
2019
Age-Related Muscle Dysfunction Study
8 weeks in aged mice reversed age-related decline in muscle function, increased ATP production, and reduced oxidative stress.
2020
Barth Syndrome Clinical Trial
Phase 3 trial with 40mg daily for 48 weeks showed trends toward cardiac improvement in this rare mitochondrial disorder.
2021